A Brief History of New England Apples - New England Apples (2024)

WHEN THE FIRST EUROPEAN SETTLERS ARRIVED in the New World, they found no apples, only a few types of wild crabapples. The earliest record of cultivated apples in New England appeared in 1623, just three years after the landing of the Mayflower at Plymouth Rock. The region has had a strong apple growing tradition ever since.

A number of varieties were discovered here, including the popular heirlooms Roxbury Russet, America’s oldest named variety, in 1635; Baldwin (Massachusetts, 1741); Black Oxford (Maine, 1790), Northern Spy (Connecticut, 1840); and Rhode Island Greening (Rhode Island, 1600s).

Today, New England continues to be distinguished by its history and diversity. More than 30 varieties are grown in commercial quantities, and dozens more are planted in smaller amounts, many for their properties in cider (New England is at the center of the national resurgence of interest in fresh and hard ciders).

New England’s leading apples are McIntosh, which accounts for about half of the crop; Cortland; Macoun; Empire; Gala; and Honeycrisp.

The six-state region comprising Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont typically produces about 3.5 million 42-pound boxes (the modern equivalent of a bushel) of fresh apples every year. By acreage, the biggest state is Massachusetts (3,100), followed by Maine (2,700), Connecticut (1,800), Vermont (1,700), New Hampshire (1,300) and Rhode Island (230).

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THE NONPROFIT NEW ENGLAND APPLE ASSOCIATION was founded in 1935 by a group of wholesale growers from the New England states and New York, and incorporated as the New York & New England Apple Institute.

In 1993 New York created its own marketing organization, and the institute was renamed the Northeast McIntosh Growers Association, which was eventually shortened to New England Apple Association.

The New England Apple Association’s mission is to promote the New England apple industry through educational and promotional events and special projects. The Association website introduces visitors to the wide variety of New England apples, the nutritional value of apples, and how apples are grown and prepared

Board of Directors

Russ Holmberg, Holmberg Orchards, Gales Ferry, Connecticut

Steve Rowse, Vice Chair, New England Apple Products, Leominster, Massachusetts,

Giff Burnap, Secretary-Treasurer, Butternut Farm, Farmington, New Hampshire

Ryan Bishop, Bishop’s Orchards, Guilford, Connecticut

James Bove, Chapin Orchard, Essex Junction, Vermont

Heather Faubert, University of Rhode Island

Ellen McAdam, McDougal Orchards, Springvale, Maine

Ned O’Neill, J. P. Sullivan & Co., Ayer, Massachusetts

Al Rose, Red Apple Farm, Phillipston, Massachusetts

Chuck Souther, Apple Hill Farm, Concord, New Hampshire

John Steere, Steere Orchard, Greenville, Rhode Island

Gordon Waterman, Romac Sales, Sanford, Maine

Staff

Bar Lois Weeks
Associate Director

bar@newenglandapples.org

Russell Steven Powell
Executive Director

russ@newenglandapples.org

A Brief History of New England Apples - New England Apples (2024)

FAQs

A Brief History of New England Apples - New England Apples? ›

WHEN THE FIRST EUROPEAN SETTLERS ARRIVED in the New World, they found no apples, only a few types of wild crabapples. The earliest record of cultivated apples in New England appeared in 1623, just three years after the landing of the Mayflower at Plymouth Rock.

What is the most popular apple in New England? ›

MCINTOSH. Although native to Ontario, the Mac is the most popular apple variety in New England. Tender, tart flesh makes it a good match for applesauce, cider, and eating out of your hand.

What is the history of apples in England? ›

The earliest known mention of apples in England was by King Alfred in about 885 AD in his writings of “Gregory's Pastoral Care”. There are several mentions of cherries being cultivated in Britain by the Romans especially in Kent due to its favourable climate and soil.

What are the oldest apples in America? ›

Roxbury Russet is generally recognised to be the oldest apple variety which originated in North America, and its history can be traced back to the colonial era.

Who planted the first apple orchard in New England? ›

A bookish, eccentric loner, the early English settler nurtured what historians believe were the first apple orchards in what's now the U.S. in present-day Boston in the 1620s. His name Blaxton is often modernized as Blackstone.

What state is known for the best apples? ›

Washington is renowned for its diverse and delicious apple varieties, with Fuji, Gala, and Red Delicious standing out.

What is the number one apple in America? ›

Who's America's Favorite Apple? Originating in Iowa in the 1870s, for more than 50 years the Red Delicious apple has been the number one apple in America.

Which 3 apples changed the world? ›

A quick history lesson about humankind, and as it all started with an apple tree; I can't think of a better way than talking about the history of the apple. Three apples that have changed the world: Eaten by Eve; Fallen on Newton; Created by Steve Jobs.

Why don't farmers grow apples from seed? ›

Why don't farmers grow apples from seed? (Each seed is genetically unique, meaning that when it grows into a mature tree, the apples it produces will be different from those produced by its parent trees.)

What was apple originally called? ›

Apple Inc., originally Apple Computer, Inc., is a multinational corporation that creates and markets consumer electronics and attendant computer software, and is a digital distributor of media content. Apple's core product lines are the iPhone smartphone, iPad tablet computer, and the Macintosh personal computer.

What apples no longer exist? ›

As of May 2021, the project has discovered 29 lost apple varieties. Some of the lost apple varieties that the project has found in Washington and Idaho include the Streaked Pippin, the Sary Sinap, and the Nero. Nero, which was discovered at Steptoe Butte, was the first old apple variety found by Benscoter.

What is the only truly native apple in the United States? ›

The crabapple is the only apple native to North America.

What were apples originally called? ›

Etymology. The word apple, whose Old English ancestor is æppel, is descended from the Proto-Germanic noun *aplaz, descended in turn from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl. As late as the 17th century, the word also functioned as a generic term for all fruit, including nuts.

Which vitamin is an apple? ›

Apples are rich sources of selected micronutrients (e.g., iron, zinc, vitamins C and E) and polyphenols (e.g., procyanidins, phloridzin, 5′‐caffeoylquinic acid) that can help in mitigating micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs) and chronic diseases.

What apple is native to Massachusetts? ›

Baldwin began as a seedling in the northeastern Massachusetts town of Wilmington, sometime before 1750. The apple was named for a Colonel Baldwin, who grafted trees from the original seedling.

Did Native Americans eat apples? ›

Early settlers traded fruit, trees, and seeds with American Indians. In the eighteenth century fruit, including apples, pears (also introduced by the Jesuits), and plums, was a staple food among the Iroquois of the Mohawk Valley and as far west as the Niagara.

What are the best apples in Massachusetts? ›

McIntosh is the best-selling apple in the northeastern United States and in Canada. The apple has white, tender, crisp flesh that's spicy, highly aromatic and full of juice. The characteristic flavor carries over into sauce, but in a pie the slices lose their shape. Macs are the principal cider apple in the Northeast.

What fruit is New England known for? ›

Three prominent characteristic foodstuffs native to New England are maple syrup, cranberries and blueberries. The traditional standard starch is potato, though rice has a somewhat increased popularity in modern cooking.

What is the most popular apple in England? ›

Royal Gala

Britain's favourite apple with stripy red skin, a crisp bite and delivering a wonderfully sweet flavour.

Which apple is the most famous? ›

Red Delicious Apple

Red Delicious is one of the most famous American apples, and one of the most widely grown apple varieties. Also in Iran around 1.5 million tons of the total 3.7-million-ton Iranian apple fruit production is Red Delicious apple. Red delicious are medium-sized and have a conical shape.

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