How to Brine a Turkey (2024)

Brining is the secret to a juicy, flavorful turkey.

By

Carl Hanson

How to Brine a Turkey (1)

Carl Hanson

Carl Hanson is a Senior Editor at Allrecipes who has been writing about food and wine for nearly 20 years. He enjoys creating content that informs, entertains, and assists busy home cooks get nourishing meals on the table for their families.

Updated on September 21, 2023

What Is Brining a Turkey?

Applying salt to an uncooked turkey, either by soaking in a water solution (wet brine) or by sprinkling salt directly on the bird (dry brine) causes the protein strands in the meat to break down over time so the meat tenderizes, absorbs flavors, and retains moisture. This means that despite the moisture lost during roasting and the long cooking time, you end up with a juicy bird. So that's why you brine a turkey, now let's see how to wet-brine a turkey.

How to Wet-Brine a Turkey

How to Brine a Turkey (2)

Here's What You'll Need:

  • 2 gallons water
  • 2 cups kosher salt or coarse sea salt
  • A 5-gallon brining container (a large stock pot, bucket, or brining bag)
  • 1 whole turkey, thawed
  • Optional: Large brining or oven-roasting bag to line container
  • Optional: Flavoring ingredients such as onions, citrus fruit, garlic, herbs, peppercorns, white wine, Worcestershire sauce, sugar, etc.

How to Brine a Turkey (3)

1. Choose the Right Container

The real trick to wet-brining is finding a non-corrosive container that's large enough to submerge the turkey, yet small enough to fit in your refrigerator. Try a stainless steel stock pot, an enamel-coated pot, or a plastic bucket. A 5-gallon container is typically large enough to fit any size turkey. Be sure to clear out some fridge space before you brine.

To minimize cleanup, line the container with a liner bag.

If you don't have the fridge space for a 5-gallon container, you can place the turkey in tied bag inside an ice chest. Replenish ice as necessary to keep the temperature 40 degrees F (4 degrees C).

Note: If you cannot fully submerge the turkey, you will need to turn it periodically so that each side rests in the brine.

How to Brine a Turkey (4)

2. Create a Salt Solution

The basic ratio for a wet turkey brine is to use 2 cups of kosher salt or coarse sea salt for every 2 gallons of water. The benefit of a wet brine is that it can work slightly quicker than a dry brine because it infuses the entire turkey in a salty solution. Wet brines take no longer than 24 hours, whereas dry brines can be effective for up to 72 hours.

  1. Remove giblets and neck from turkey and add to prepared container.
  2. Dissolve 2 cups of kosher salt into 2 cups of hot water. Allow to cool.
  3. Pour salt solution over turkey. Add remaining water. If the turkey is floating, use a dinner plate to weigh it down.

How to Brine a Turkey (5)

3. Cover and Refrigerate

  1. Cover and place the container on the lowest shelf of the refrigerator so spills won't reach foods below.
  2. Refrigerate for at least eight hours but no longer than 24 hours.

How to Brine a Turkey (6)

4. Remove and Dry

  1. Remove the turkey from the brine one hour before you plan to roast, and rinse under cold water. Pat dry inside and out. Be sure to clean your sink afterwards to avoid cross contamination.
  2. Let the brined turkey stand on the roasting rack for up to one hour before roasting.

5. Cook Turkey

Proceed with your preferred recipe, but remember that the turkey has already absorbed a significant amount of salt; any drippings that you use for gravy will already be salty, and no salt should be added to compound butters or spice rubs. Brined turkey also tends to cook a bit faster, so begin checking your bird's temperature about an hour before the end of your estimated cooking time.

See How It's Done:

Here's your turkey brining cheat sheet:

How to Brine a Turkey (8)

How to Dry-Brine a Turkey

Dry-brining does exactly what wet-brining does, only without the water and the big ol' bucket. It's serious salting, essentially. Check out How to Dry Brine a Turkey.

Check out our collection of Turkey Brine Recipes.

Related:

  • How to Cook a Turkey
  • 3 Things I Learned After My Thanksigiving Dinner Disaster
  • Find tried-and-true Thanksgiving Turkey Recipes

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How to Brine a Turkey (2024)

FAQs

How long should you brine turkey? ›

As a general rule of thumb, you'll want to let the turkey brine for at least 1 hour per pound of turkey. Here's a breakdown of how long to brine a turkey based on size:
  1. 12–14-lb. turkey: 16–18 hours.
  2. 14–16-lb. turkey: 18–20 hours.
  3. 16–18-lb. turkey: 20–22 hours.
  4. 18–20-lb. turkey: 22–24 hours.
Oct 23, 2023

What is the formula for brine? ›

Brine is all about ratios. 1/4 cup (4 tablespoons) of salt to 1 quart (4 cups) of cool water. If you have time, heating the brine solution and then letting it cool before pouring it over the meat helps to get more flavor, especially if you are using spices.

Do you rinse turkey after brining? ›

You should always rinse the turkey after wet or dry brining. Once rinsed, you can let the turkey air dry, uncovered, in the refrigerator for several hours, or pat it dry with a paper towel.

Is it worth brining a turkey? ›

"And a brine is a really great way, even if you go a few degrees over your desired cooking temperature, if you forget the turkey in the oven for some reason [to help avoid over-cooking]. You have a much greater range where you're still going to have moist, delicious meat because that salt is in there."

Does a turkey need to be refrigerated while brining? ›

Then place the turkey in the brine and place in the refrigerator. Don't leave the turkey sitting out at room temperature while brining. Place the bird breast down in a large container made of food-grade plastic, stainless steel or glass, or a brining bag. Be sure the container will fit in your fridge.

Are butterball turkeys brined? ›

Butterball turkeys are of the highest quality product and will be sure to impress your guests. Here's why Butterball is the right choice, especially for the holiday season: Butterball turkeys are always tender and juicy because we take the extra step of individually pre-brining them based on size.

How much sugar should I add to a brine? ›

Sugar: This is an optional ingredient and is typically used to balance the saltiness of a brine. Use about 2 tablespoons per quart of liquid. You can decrease that amount if desired, but I wouldn't recommend using any more or it could make the final cooked protein burn easier and taste too sweet.

What is the rule for brine? ›

Basic Brine

Place that volume of water in a container large enough to hold the brine and the meat. Add 1 tablespoon of salt for every cup of water you used and mix until the salt is completely dissolved. For example, if you are using 1 gallon (16 cups) of water, add 16 tablespoons (1 cup) of salt.

What kind of salt is best for brining? ›

Morton Coarse Kosher Salt is perfect for brining because the flat, flaky crystals dissolve extremely well in water and create a crystal clear brine. Consider brining this grilling and holiday season.

What does vinegar do in a brine? ›

This master pickle brine calls for just four ingredients: white vinegar, sugar, salt, and water. The white vinegar provides a mild acidity that doesn't impart too much extra flavor on the fruit or vegetable you choose to pickle. A small amount of granulated sugar adds a balanced sweetness you'll love.

Do you fully submerge a turkey when brining? ›

This dilutes the salt solution to the best ratio for brining and also helps further cool the solution. Make sure the turkey is completely submerged. If needed, prepare more brine solution at a ratio of 1/4 cup salt per quart of water to completely submerge the turkey. Cover and refrigerate.

Can brine be too salty? ›

Brine is a very salty solution, so it works pretty quickly. As a general rule of thumb, brine meat for about one hour per pound. You can go longer, but keep in mind that it's definitely possible to over-brine your meat.

When not to brine a turkey? ›

Brining a turkey is totally optional. If you're short on time or just want the most straight-forward method to roast a turkey, skip the brining step and just use the Simple Roasted Turkey method. Some people swear that brining yields the most tender, juicy meat, but it takes planning ahead.

Does a brined turkey taste salty? ›

While it unquestionably injects a lot of flavor in the turkey and helps it to retain a lot of juiciness and moisture, it also can result in saltier drippings, which can cause problems with both the stuffing (if you stuff your bird, which I don't generally do) and the gravy, since the gravy is made from turkey drippings ...

What is the salt to water ratio for brining a turkey? ›

The basic ratio for a wet turkey brine is to use 2 cups of kosher salt or coarse sea salt for every 2 gallons of water. The benefit of a wet brine is that it can work slightly quicker than a dry brine because it infuses the entire turkey in a salty solution.

What happens if you brine a turkey longer than 24 hours? ›

Brining for too long can result in meat that tastes overly-salty and has a spongy texture. If you're not ready to roast the bird after 18 hours, remove it from the brine, rinse it, pat it dry, and refrigerate for up to two days.

Can you leave turkey in brine for 48 hours? ›

Wet brining involves soaking your turkey in a bath of saltwater and refrigerating it for 24 to 48 hours. Wet brining will increase the turkey's moisture. That extra moisture helps ensure that the meat doesn't go dry during cooking.

Is it worth dry brining a turkey for 12 hours? ›

I recommend dry brining a turkey for at least 24 hours. If you have less time, do a wet brine, which works in as few as 12 hours. If you want to brine a turkey in 1 day, do a wet brine.

Does brining help thaw a turkey? ›

The salty water and the frozen turkey will keep the temperature of the water low, allowing you to not have to continually switch out the water as the turkey thaws. Cover the vessel and let the turkey thaw and brine at the same time, 24-48 hours at room temperature, depending on the size of the turkey.

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